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Elimination of Methyl Orange Dye with Three Dimensional Electro-Fenton and Sono-Electro-Fenton Systems Utilizing Copper Foam and Activated Carbon
 
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Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
 
 
Corresponding author
Rasha H. Salman   

Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
 
 
Ecol. Eng. Environ. Technol. 2024; 10:44-59
 
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ABSTRACT
This study deals with the elimination of methyl orange (MO) from an aqueous solution by utilizing the 3D electro-Fenton process in a batch reactor with an anode of porous graphite and a cathode of copper foam in the presence of granular activated carbon (GAC) as a third pole, besides, employing response surface methodology (RSM) in combination with Box-Behnk Design (BBD) for studying the effects of operational conditions such as current density (3- 8 mA/cm2), electrolysis time (10- 20 min), and the amount of GAC (1- 3 g) on the removal efficiency beside to their interaction. The model was veiled since the value of R2 was high (>0.98) and the current density had the greatest influence on the response. The best removal efficiency (MO Re%) at pH= 3 was 95.62% with an average energy consumption of 6.22 kWh/kg MO, which was achieved at maximal conditions of current density = 5.12 mA/cm2, mass of GAC = 3 g, and time = 20 min with small amounts of Fe2+ (0.124 mM), and Na2SO4 (0.02 M). Moreover, the present work investigated the effectiveness of 3D electro-Fenton assisted by ultrasound known as Sono-Electro-Fenton (SEF), by following a new strategy based on applying the minimum circumstances of EF and comparing its results with that of SEF under the same conditions. MO Re% for EFmin was 49.24% while SEF was 50.51%, which is considered an exiguous improvement. However, using copper foam as a working electrode in the 3D EF system for the degradation of MO was an excellent choice. Furthermore, the suggested approach is characterized by simplicity, speed, and efficiency with a high percentage of pollutant removal, in addition to being eco-friendly.
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