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Investigation of Finite Groundwater Potential Zones through Analytical Hierarchy Process and ArcGIS for the Region of Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh
 
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Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam - 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India
 
 
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Kunchala Kalyani   

Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam - 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India
 
 
Ecol. Eng. Environ. Technol. 2023; 3:161-175
 
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ABSTRACT
Due to the indiscriminate use of limited water sources, the requirement for groundwater evaluation in India expanded substantially. Population growth and unequal distribution, poor irrigation systems, rapid urbanization/industrialization, large-scale deforestation, droughts, and inefficient land use practises contribute to groundwater depletion. As a result, the need for water for agriculture, domestic, and industry soars. The study identifies viable zones in Visakhapatnam's emerging metropolitan metropolis by utilizing the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach with remote sensing data in ArcGIS software. Thematic layers were created by taking remote sensing data into consideration (drainage density, soil, lineament density, land use land cover, geomorphology, rainfall, slope, and geology). The method is employed to determine the weights of distinct thematic layers by obtaining the normalised weight from a pairwise matrix. To emphasize the groundwater potential zones and create a map with different zones specified, the weights and ranks extrapolated from the AHP approach have been made available in the weighted index overlay analysis tool in ArcGIS. Groundwater availability and recharge are significantly high in the good zone of the present study's four classifications of good, moderate, low, and very low. The groundwater status, potential locations for water extraction, and best practices for groundwater recharging may all be determined with the use of the acquired information from the indication map.
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