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Production and Characterization of Liquid Smoke from Coconut Shell Waste as an Effort to Reduce the Impact on Environmental Pollution
 
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1
Mechanical Engineering Department, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan 20221 North Sumatera, Indonesia
 
2
Sekolah Tinggi Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Al Maksum, Jl. Sei Batang Serangan, No. 4. Kwala Bingai, Kota Stabat, Kabupten Langkat, North Sumatera, Indonesia
 
 
Corresponding author
Janter Pangaduan Simanjuntak   

Mechanical Engineering Department, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan 20221, North Sumatera, Indonesia
 
 
Ecol. Eng. Environ. Technol. 2024; 7:162-170
 
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ABSTRACT
This research examined the influence of pyrolysis temperature on a large-size feedstock of coconut shell waste for producing biochar and liquid smoke using slow pyrolysis. The temperature used was varied between 250°C to 450°C at a constant heating rate of 10°C/min and at a holding time of about 120 minutes. Gravimetry, Spectro, and HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatograph) methods are used to identify the liquid smoke for density, phenol, and acetic acid content respectively. The results indicated that increased pyrolysis temperatures caused a reduced biochar yield. However, the liquid smoke yield was found to increase with the temperature. The obtained liquid smoke has a density of 1.054 g/mL and a phenol content of about 4717,91 mg GAE/100 mg, and acetic acid of 11,36%. Results inferred that the liquid smoke can be generated from a large coconut shell through pyrolysis at medium temperature.
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