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Contrasting hydrochemical conditions and temporal variability at three monitoring sites along the Sebou River, Morocco
 
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1
Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water, and Environment, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University of Rabat, 10106 Rabat, Morocco
 
2
Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water, and Environment, National School of Arts and Crafts, Mohammed V University of Rabat, 10106 Rabat, Morocco
 
 
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Mohammed Sbai   

Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water, and Environment, Faculty of Science, Mohammed V University of Rabat, 10106 Rabat, Morocco
 
 
 
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ABSTRACT
Hydrochemical monitoring at geographically identified locations provides a basis for interpreting river-water variability and selecting complementary indicators. Eighteen site-campaign records from the Sebou River in Morocco during 2024–2025 were analysed: twelve at Fès and three each at Kariat Ba Mohamed and M’Kannsa. Sixteen physicochemical indicators were summarised using site-specific statistics, three shared-date comparisons between Kariat Ba Mohamed and M’Kannsa, a spring–autumn sensitivity assessment at Fès and six exploratory within-site rank associations. Mean conductivity was 1062, 1580 and 1577 µS/cm, respectively; mean permanganate oxidizability was 2.25, 5.87 and 6.50 mg O₂/L. All recorded conductivity, chloride, sulfate and oxidizability values at Kariat Ba Mohamed and M’Kannsa exceeded the observed Fès maxima, including its spring–autumn subset. Shared-date comparisons revealed consistently higher chloride at M’Kannsa, while conductivity and oxidizability rankings changed among campaigns. At Fès, conductivity and chloride had coefficients of variation of 4.1% and 4.6%, compared with 36.5% for turbidity. None of the six rank associations met the Holm-adjusted significance criterion. The contribution is a traceable campaign-level archive that distinguishes stable ionic signals from more variable optical and oxidizable-matter indicators. The findings describe the included campaigns; asynchronous and unequal coverage does not support an independent geographical effect or causal pollution-source attribution.
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