Geophysical assessment of liquefaction hazards and environmental implications in Pidie Jaya, Indonesia
			
	
 
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				1
				Department of Physics , Faculty Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
				 
			 
						
				2
				Department of Geophysics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
				 
			 
						
				3
				Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh, Banda Aceh, 23123, Indonesia
				 
			 
										
				
				
			
			These authors had equal contribution to this work
			 
		 		
				
		
		 
			
			
		
		
		
		
		
		
	
							
					    		
    			 
    			
    				    					Corresponding author
    					    				    				
    					Muhammad  Syukri   
    					Department of Physics , Faculty Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
    				
 
    			
				 
    			 
    		 		
			
																						 
		
	 
		
 
 
Ecol. Eng. Environ. Technol. 2025; 11:204-216
		
 
 
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ABSTRACT
Liquefaction is a significant geohazard in seismically active regions, causing ground deformation, infrastructure damage, and agricultural disruption. This study aims to assess the liquefaction susceptibility of sediments in Pidie Jaya, Aceh, Indonesia, and evaluate their environmental implications through an integrated geophysical approach combining electrical well logging and two-dimensional (2D) electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). Surveys were conducted in Rhieng Krueng, Dayah Baroh, and Jurong Ara, where borehole logging provided vertical stratigraphy and resistivity data, while 2D ERT sections revealed lateral variability. The results indicate heterogeneous subsurface sequences consisting of sand (0–57 Ωm), sandy clay (0–32 Ωm), and clay (13–750 Ωm), with loose, water-saturated sands confined between impermeable clay layers forming aquifers highly prone to liquefaction. Shallow groundwater depths, averaging 6.8 m, further exacerbate the risk of excess pore-pressure buildup during seismic shaking. These findings highlight critical horizons where soil instability may endanger agricultural productivity, irrigation systems, and rural settlements. However, the research is limited to three survey sites, which may not fully capture the district’s spatial variability, and integration with geotechnical and seismic response analyses is recommended. The practical contribution of this work lies in demonstrating that combining electrical logging and ERT provides a reliable, cost-effective framework for identifying liquefaction-prone sediments and evaluating hydrogeological conditions. This integrative method offers valuable insights for disaster risk reduction, land-use planning, and resilient infrastructure development. As one of the first studies applying this approach to Pidie Jaya, it underscores the environmental significance of subsurface heterogeneity and provides essential input for sustainable hazard mitigation in seismically active regions.