Geotechnical parameters estimation using electrical resistivity tomography data: Case study of Jorf Lasfar, western Morocco
More details
Hide details
1
Laboratory of Geotechnics, Geophysics, Engineering and Environmental Geology (L3GE), Mohammadia School of Engineering, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
2
Department of Environmental Engineering, Superior School of Technology, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Khenifra, Morocco
Corresponding author
Issam Mehdi
Laboratory of Geotechnics, Geophysics, Engineering and Environmental Geology (L3GE), Mohammadia School of Engineering, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Geotechnical techniques are essential for subsurface geological investigations during the pre-feasibility phase of engineering projects. When the area under investigation is extensive, the density and consistency required for a conventional geotechnical reconnaissance program become both logistically complex and costly. The present study aims to estimate the main geotechnical parameters of the subsoil studied, namely water content (or moisture content), plasticity index, friction angle and cohesion from electrical resistivity data, through empirical equation calculations. The study area is located within the western Moroccan, a region characterized by karstic phenomena expressed in various forms. This work combined electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys with targeted core drilling, complemented by laboratory geotechnical testing of collected samples. The inverted resistivity models were then used to estimate geotechnical parameters through empirical relationships, and the predicted values were statistically compared with laboratory measurements. The obtained results indicate variable predictive performance depending on the parameter considered. A strong correlation between measured and estimated values is observed for the plasticity index (R² = 0.73), while moisture content shows a moderate correlation (R² = 0.45). In contrast, cohesion and friction angle exhibit very weak correlations, R² = 0.04 and R² = 0.05, respectively, highlighting the influence of structural and mechanical factors, such as fracturing, cementation, and lithological heterogeneity, that are not directly governed by electrical conduction processes. Three-dimensional modelling of ERT-derived properties reveals the spatial distribution of ¬¬the main geotechnical units and identifies a three-layered subsurface structure composed of a resistive weathered limestone tuff cap, an intermediate conductive silty-marl horizon, and a deeper fractured limestone unit. Although the estimated parameters show broader ranges due to the spatial continuity of geophysical data, laboratory measurements generally fall within the ranges of these estimates. These results demonstrate that ERT based empirical modelling can provide reasonable preliminary estimates for parameters closely linked to electrical resistivity, particularly moisture content and plasticity index. However, mechanical strength parameters such as cohesion and friction angle require cautious interpretation and must be validated through direct laboratory testing. Overall, the integrated approach offers a cost-effective tool for large-scale preliminary geotechnical reconnaissance, improved identification of potentially unstable zones in karst environments, and optimization of borehole investigation strategies.