Removal of Dyes by Adsorption Process Using Date Pits as Environmentally Friendly Material
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Laboratory of Engineering, Molecular Organic Materials and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah Fez 30000, Morocco
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Laboratory of Biotechnology of Environment, Agroalimentary, Health, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco
Corresponding author
Abderrazzak Adachi
Laboratory of Engineering, Molecular Organic Materials and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah Fez 30000, Morocco
Ecol. Eng. Environ. Technol. 2023; 8:181-193
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ABSTRACT
This study is based on the use of a natural material in the adsorption process to remove organic pollutants. The objective is to assess its effectiveness in adsorbing the organic pollutant MB from an aqueous solution, while operating in an open system. The DP bioadsorbent was characterized using FTIR and SEM. To determine their effect on adsorption efficiency, a number of variables were examined, including contact time, concentration of pollutant MB, adsorbent mass, pH, temperature, and adsorbent particle size. The effect of these variables on adsorption efficiency shows that a removal rate of 92.66% is achieved under optimum conditions, including a contact time of 35 minutes, a concentration of pollutant MB of 22.5 mg. l-1, an adsorbent mass (mDP) of 1.1 g. l-1 and a solution pH of 5.6. In addition, a progressive decrease in adsorption efficiency is observed with increasing temperature and adsorbent mass. On the other hand, this efficiency increases with increasing a concentration of pollutant MB. Three popular models, the Freundlich, Langmuir, and Dubin-Radushkevich models, have been used to examine the adsorption isotherms of the MB dye on DP. With a correlation factor of 0.98, it was discovered that MB adsorption monitored by the Freundlich isotherm. The Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich models, however, do not adequately describe the data. The kinetic results were studied using the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order equations, and show that MB dye adsorption on DP (adsorbent) follows the pseudo-second-order model. Also estimated were thermodynamic parameters such as (ΔH°), (ΔS°), (ΔG°), enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs free energy respectively to anticipate the character of adsorption. The results indicate that the adsorption process of MB on the bioadsorbent is exothermic. The results derived from the ΔG° values lead to the conclusion that the adsorption of MB occurs spontaneously.