Water and mineral resources are of paramount importance for the economic and social development of any country. Algeria is among the countries facing a critical level of water stress, which exerts environmental pressure on decision-making for water supply development projects and poses a significant challenge to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The Amizour deposits is recognized as one of the world's largest deposits, however its proximity to the Soummam aquifer raises concerns about the environmental impact of its upcoming mining operations. In this study, a hydrochemical analysis was conducted to assess the impact of the Amizour deposits on groundwater quality. Twenty-six (26) samples were collected during the low-water period and twenty-two (22) during the high-water period, in accordance with international standards organization (ISO) 5667 standards. Geographic Information System (GIS) software was used to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of physico-chemical parameters. Gibbs diagrams, Pearson correlation matrices, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were applied to identify the mechanisms controlling water quality, determine the contributing factors to the hydrochemical composition, and classify the different types and sources of pollution. The results reveal a co-occurrence of both geogenic and anthropogenic pollution in Amizour’s groundwater, with high concentrations of iron, lead, Manganese, and Zinc reaching 17.75 mg/L, 6.99 mg/L, 6.46 mg/L, and 4.74 mg/L, respectively.