The most widespread culture in the structure of fruit plantations in Ukraine is the apple tree. An important factor in the highly efficient production of apples is ensuring proper phytosanitary state of plantations and observing agrotechnological methods of growing, which is possible only with constant monitoring of the entomoplex. The aim of the study conducted in 2005–2020 was to determine the ecological structure of the harmful entomocomplex of apple orchads in the conditions of the Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Research methodology. Field, laboratory and chamber research methods generally accepted in ecology and entomology were used to fulfill the tasks. Results. 52 species of phytophagous insects from 25 families and 7 orders were identified. 5 species of phytophagous mites from 3 families of Tetranychidae (Panonychus ulmi Koch., Tetranychus urticae Koch., Scizotetranychus pruni Oudms.), Bryobiidae (Bryobia redikorzevi Reck., syn: Bryobia praetiosa Koch.), Eriophyoidae (Eriophyes mali Nal.) were also found. The taxonomic structure of phytophagous insects was dominated by representatives of the orders of Lepidoptera (24 species), Coleoptera (14 species) and Homoptera (9 species), the portion of which collectively amounted to 90%. A range of Lepidoptera represented by 13 families was charachterized by wide species diversity: Tortricidae, Gracillariіdae, Yponomeutidae, Lyonetiidae, Cossidae, Sesiidae, Coleophoridae, Lasiocampidae, Geometridae, Pieridae, Arctiidae, Noctuidae, Orgyidae, which accounted for 46% of the harmful entomocomplex. Dominant species for the period 2005-2020 were (Aphis pomi De G, Dysaphis devecta Walk, Dysaphis mali Ferr.), (Carpocapsa pomonella L.), (Archips rosana L.). In terms of trophic specialization, polyphages dominated 75% (39 species) of apple tree agrocenoses, 10% (5 species) of oligophagous insects, 15% (8 species) – monophages. The life forms were dominated by phytophiles – dendrobiotes, the percentage of which in the total structure of insect pests was about 90%. Conclusion and prospects for further research. The species composition of harmful entomofauna and ecologically constant species of phytophagous insects in apple plantations in the Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine were specified. A promising study is to clarify the features of the biology of the most harmful phytophagous insects in the conditions of climate change and to develop environmentally safe means of protecting apple plantations from pests.