The growing environmental awareness among stakeholders has intensified pressure on businesses to reduce ecological footprints through supply chain operations. This literature review examines how green supply chain management (GSCM) enhances sustainable logistics while addressing global warming and biodiversity concerns. Analysis of 880 publications (1998-2017) from major databases reveals substantial growth in GSCM research since 2010. China (18.6%) and the US (18.2%) lead contributions, with the Journal of Cleaner Production publishing the most papers (80, ~9%) and maintaining the highest impact factor (5.7). Business management dominates as the primary discipline (23%), with Joseph Sarkis emerging as the most prolific author (26 publications, 3%). Emerging trends indicate companies implementing GSCM practices have achieved 15-25% reduction in carbon emissions and 8-12% improvement in operational efficiency. Implementation challenges include insufficient technical knowledge, higher initial costs, and organizational resistance to change. Future research directions should leverage big data for performance evaluation, involve small businesses in GSCM adoption, and conduct comparative studies across industries and countries. Additionally, researchers should explore integration of circular economy principles with GSCM practices and develop standardized metrics for measuring environmental impact throughout supply chains. The evidence demonstrates GSCM's vital role in creating environmentally responsible and economically viable logistics operations, positioning it as a strategic imperative for businesses navigating increasingly stringent environmental regulations.