The shortage and contamination of water by heavy metals represent a major risk to environment and human health. Many natural adsorbents have been the subject of detailed studies for heavy metal adsorption, thanks to their profitability and high efficiency. In this context, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a material produced from natural dolomite rocks collected around the city of Taza (Morocco) in removing cadmium (Cd) by adsorption, in order to contribute to reducing heavy metal contamination in water. The method is based on the production of an adsorbent from dolomite, whose characteristics were analyzed before and after adsorption using structural methods involving scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Moreover, contact time, Cd concentration, temperature, and adsorbent dose were used to evaluate the adsorption efficiency, using kinetic models and adsorption isotherms models. A removal rate (R%) of Cd of 58% was obtained after 80 minutes of adsorption, at an optimal pH of 6, a dose of 5 g/l and an initial Cd concentration of 25 mg/l. The adsorption process was modeled according to the pseudo-second order model, while the adsorption isotherm was more effectively described by the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 16.60 mg/g. Although the study was carried out under controlled conditions, and the material’s long-term stability, its capacity for regeneration and reuse, remain to be determined; this material constitutes practically a sustainable, economical, and environmentally friendly alternative exploiting local natural resources for treating contaminated water. Finally, the geochemical approach and the use of regional resources give these results significant importance for the development of innovative and sustainable decontamination solutions.