Exploration and identification of endomycorrhiza in chrome-contaminated areas as active ingredients of biofertilizer applied to Canavalia ensiformis
Więcej
Ukryj
1
Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fishery, Muhammadiyah University of Parepare, Jl. Jend Ahmad Yani KM.6, Parepare, South Sulawesi, 91131, Indonesia
2
Department of Plant Pest and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM.10, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245, Indonesia.
3
Center for Applied Microbiology Research (BRIN). Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor km 46, Cibinong, West Java, 16911, Indonesia
4
Departement of Agricultural Socioeconomics, Faculty of Agriculture, Muhammadiyah University of Kendari Jl. Ahmad Dahlan No. 10, Kendari 93117, Indonesia
Autor do korespondencji
Muh. Akhsan Akib Akhsan Akib
Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fishery, Muhammadiyah University of Parepare, Jl. Jend Ahmad Yani KM.6, Parepare, South Sulawesi, 91131, Indonesia
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
DZIEDZINY
STRESZCZENIE
Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) is a legume and a rich source of nutrition. However, in its cultivation, biofertilizer endomycorrhizal or arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi has not been optimally utilized as an environmentally friendly production facility. This study aims to (1) identify endomycorrhizal spores in chromium-contaminated areas as active biofertilizer ingredients and (2) determine the effect of their application on Canavalia ensiformis. Study was conducted in three stages, namely (1) Exploration and identification of endomycorrhizal spores; (2) Production of endomycorrhizal spores as biofertilizer; and (3) Application of endomycorrhizal spores as biofertilizer on Canavalia ensiformis, using a randomized block design with various combinations of endomycorrhizal as treatments, namely: Without endomycorrhizal (A0); A mixture of Acaulospora and Glomus endomycorrhizal (A1); A mixture of Acaulospora and Gigaspora endomycorrhizal (A2), and A mixture of Glomus and Gigaspora endomycorrhizal (A3). The research results can be concluded that the first and second stages identified three types of endomycorrhizal spores, namely Acaulospora, Glomus, and Gigaspora, and had the potential to be active biofertilizer ingredients. However, the species of the three endomycorrhizal species were not identified at this stage. In the third stage of the study, it was shown that a mixture of Acaulospora and Glomus endomycorrhizae could infect the root tissue of Canavalia ensiformis by up to 66%. In addition, this combination of endomycorrhizae increased root volume (7 ml-3), leaf area index (<1), and Canavalia ensiformis biomass (60 grams). However, this study could not identify which endomycorrhizal genus had a complete structure in Canavalia ensiformis root tissue. The use of endomycorrhizal spores as a biofertilizer offers significant practical value because they will continue to develop in plant roots and are environmentally friendly. The use of endomycorrhizal spores isolated from chromium-contaminated areas is a unique feature of this study, which had a significant effect on the test plants.