Sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) is an important ecological, economic, and cultural resource in Papua, Indonesia. This review examines the development of sago research and mapping technologies relevant to its spatial characterisation in Papua. The literature was synthesised thematically to identify major research patterns, methodological developments, and remaining knowledge gaps. Previous studies have generated substantial knowledge on sago habitat, biological characteristics, productivity, genetic diversity, and utilisation; however, these findings remain spatially and thematically fragmented and are only weakly connected to spatial mapping. Meanwhile, mapping technologies have progressed from habitat- and vegetation-level assessment towards object-, stand-, and individual-plant-level approaches through high-resolution imagery, UAVs, hyperspectral data, LiDAR, and advanced classification methods. To address this disconnect, this review proposes a four-stage multiscale framework linking (1) regional habitat screening, (2) stand and crown mapping, (3) biological classification, and (4) productive attribute calibration. The framework provides a basis for shifting sago mapping beyond spatial presence toward biologically meaningful information on stand characteristics and resource potential, supporting more effective inventory, management, and sustainable utilisation of sago resources in Papua.