The food industry is one of the industrial activities that uses a large amount of water and the high content of dissolved organic matter and nitrogen in production effluents is their characteristic feature. The treatment technology of such industrial effluents is a combination of different technologies and treatment methods blocks depending on the parameters of wastewater. The choice of efficient, environmentally friendly and energy efficient biotechnology of wastewater treatment will allow its successful application in most food industries. Treated effluents can be considered as a source of water for watering plants in the area to reduce the overall use of water in the process, and as a prospect of returning to the overall process for use, for example, for washing vegetables and fruits. The physico-chemical parameters of industrial waters of food industry enterprises were analyzed and their impact on the environment was monitored. On the basis of the perspective technologies review of the food industry wastewater treatment the technological scheme for effective treatment of industrial wastewater was offered.