Urban parks are vital for ecological sustainability within city landscapes, offering services that range from biodiversity preservation to climate regulation. This study evaluates the ecological function effectiveness of urban parks in Surakarta City, providing a quantifiable assessment of their contribution to environmental health and urban biodiversity. Through a systematic analysis of various parks within the Jebres sub-district, ecological function indicators such as green open space ratios, oxygen production, microclimate regulation, air pollution absorption, and biodiversity were measured. The findings indicate that Lansia Park holds the highest effectiveness rate at 78.80%, signifying its exemplary management and ecological value. Contrarily, Gendon ISI Park and Tegalharjo Park presented lower effectiveness rates of 70.40% and 71.00%, respectively, suggesting areas for potential improvement. The average ecological function effectiveness rate across all studied parks stands at 74.03%, reflecting the overall positive impact of Surakarta’s green spaces on urban ecology. This research underscores the imperative role of urban parks in enhancing ecosystem services and provides a framework for future urban planning and conservation strategies, emphasizing the enhancement of carbon sequestration capabilities within urban green spaces.