The depletion of traditional energy sources and the increase in the cost of energy resources have a negative impact on the determination of the cost of production of agricultural and industrial products, which leads to a decrease in its competitiveness at the international level. Thus, the main task of the state is to ensure the efficient use of its own fuel and energy reserves and to diversify the sources and routes of supply of energy resources. Ukraine has all the necessary prerequisites for the widespread introduction and application of advanced technologies for growing and processing biomass and energy crops. The development of bioenergy technologies will help solve the problem of providing the country with energy resources, improve the environmental situation in the regions and help increase the employment of the local population. The fundamentals of growing less common energy crops are considered, the works of both domestic and foreign scientists are analysed, including the selection of the optimal place and soil, the establishment of optimal types of promising sparsely distributed energy crops, as raw materials for the energy sector of the state. Particular attention is paid to the need to improve the elements of technology in order to achieve a greater increase in biomass.