The Effect of ENSO on Seasonal Rainfall Using the Monte-Carlo Bootstrap Method in the Southern Part of Java, Indonesia
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1
Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora 1 Bulaksumur Sleman Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2
Yogyakarta Special Region Climatology Station Regency Road Km. 5.5 Duwet, Sendangadi, Mlati Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
3
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
4
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora Bulaksumur Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
5
Master program of Geo-Information for Spatial Planning and Disaster Risk Management, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Teknika Utara Pogung Kidul Sleman Yogyakarta, Indonesia
These authors had equal contribution to this work
Corresponding author
Bayu Dwi Apri Nugroho
Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora 1 Bulaksumur Sleman Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Ecol. Eng. Environ. Technol. 2024; 3:211-219
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ABSTRACT
ENSO is a global climate phenomenon that has been able to affect weather and climate conditions in Indonesia, especially in the Southern Part of Java Island, which is represented by Yogyakarta Special Province. S2S is a seasonal period that tries to bridge the gap between a relatively short period of time and a climate that has a relatively long time period. The author has conducted a study that aims to determine the effect of the global ENSO phenomenon on the increase and decrease in rainfall in the Southern Part of the Java Island region during the S2S season. In this study, the data obtained from the Nino 3.4 data and seasonal rainfall data in The Southern Part of Java, which is represented by Yogyakarta Province in the years 2001-2022 were used. The method used is the Monte-Carlo Bootstrap permutation resampling method. The results show that in general the Southern Part of the Java Island region is affected by El Nino and La Nina phenomena both in the peak period of the rainy season and the peak of the dry season of JFM, JJA, ASO, and OND although the responses from several sample areas have different effects.