Urban Ecology Aspects: Theory and Development
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Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, Russia
Publication date: 2021-11-01
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Anna A. Suvorova
Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Russia
Ecol. Eng. Environ. Technol. 2021; 6:105-113
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ABSTRACT
Issues of spatial development, including Urban Development, based on the principles of "balanced spatial development", are reflected in the main paradigm of the XXI century – sustainable economic, social and environmental development. The study of the problems of sustainable development of settlements, especially cities, is now one of the core areas of scientific justification of the planetary concept of sustainable development.
On the one hand, the sustainability of Human Settlements Development is often one of the leading topics when discussing in scientific circles the possibilities of a global transition of modern civilization to a model of sustainable development. Today, it is not possible to conduct a professional discussion on sustainable development without the participation of specialists. The concept of sustainable development of Human Settlements has developed into an independent branch, both theoretical and applied, which is now perceived by the scientific community as a natural and integral part of the paradigm of sustainable economic, social and environmental development of our planet.
In fairness, we also note that the concept of Sustainable Human Settlements Development has not always occupied its rightful place among the various aspects of sustainable development that it has today. From the Stockholm Summit in 1972 until habitat II in 1996, issues of Sustainable Human Settlements Development were at the periphery of the attention of the international scientific community. Although a separate section is devoted to promoting the sustainable development of human settlements in the "agenda for the XXI Century", however, this document does not contain a definition of this concept and is mainly devoted to the issues of effective management and planning of Human Settlements Development. Moreover, the Johannesburg Declaration on Sustainable Development, as well as the plan of implementation adopted at the Johannesburg Summit in 2002, also do not include it among its provisions related to the sustainable development of human settlements.
Thus, from the moment of approval of the planetary concept of sustainable economic, social and environmental development, it should have been quite a long time before the balance of Human Settlements Development acquired its inherent level of problematic relevance today, and most importantly – understanding of its content part.