The increasing demand for sustainable and resource-efficient energy systems requires wind turbine designs that simultaneously improve energy capture and reduce structural loading during operation. In this study, a Comparative optimization of the NREL Phase VI wind turbine rotor was performed using a genetic algorithm (GA) coupled with blade element momentum (BEM) theory to evaluate the influence of six power control strategies on aerodynamic performance, structural loading, and operational sustainability. The investigated configurations included fixed-speed fixed-pitch, variable-speed fixed-pitch, fixed-speed variable-pitch (pitch-to-stall), variable-speed variable-pitch (pitch-to-stall), fixed-speed variable-pitch (pitch-to-feather), and variable-speed variable-pitch (pitch-to-feather) control systems. Rotor geometry optimization was conducted through simultaneous adjustment of blade chord, twist, and thickness distributions, while turbine performance was evaluated in terms of annual energy production (AEP), thrust, torque, capacity factor, rotor speed, blade pitch angle, and root flap moment. The obtained results demonstrate that pitch-to-feather strategies substantially reduce structural loading while maintaining nearly identical torque output compared to pitch-to-stall configurations. Maximum thrust was reduced by approximately 60%, from 3.72–3.98 kN for pitch-to-stall strategies to 1.55–1.60 kN for pitch-to-feather operation, while torque remained within a narrow range of 1.46–1.49 kN·m for all optimized cases. Variable-speed operation reduced the cut-in wind speed from 4 to 3 m/s and increased the capacity factor from 51.8% to 54.4%. The optimized variable-speed variable-pitch (pitch-to-feather) configuration achieved the highest AEP (52,092 kWh/year) together with the lowest thrust (1.55 kN) and minimum root flap moment (2.27 kN·m), indicating the best balance between energy production and structural load mitigation. In contrast, blade thickness distribution remained nearly unchanged among all control strategies (0.192–0.196 m), indicating that structural constraints dominate thickness optimization. The study is limited to numerical GA–BEM simulations of the NREL Phase VI reference turbine and does not include aeroelastic or full-scale experimental validation. The originality of this work lies in the unified comparative evaluation of six turbine control strategies within a single Comparative optimization framework, with emphasis on the interaction between aerodynamic efficiency and structural load reduction as a pathway toward more sustainable wind turbine operation.