Landslides are a major problem in the Atlas Mountains and hills of Beni Mellal-Khenifra, Morocco. The main objective of this study is to examine the relationship between structural and hydrogeological data from the Atlas hills in order to propose a model that characterizes slopes threatened by landslides appropriate. The field data collected was used to produce geological cross-sections and maps. The geology of these hills shows an abundance of marl-limestone and marl-clay formations and Permian basalt intrusions that are altered in places. The results also showed that these hills have areas of gravitational instability due to the behavior of the materials in the presence of water. The new techniques in structural geology and hydrogeology presented in this work support the hypothesis of an area at risk of naturally triggered slope movement. A map of 24 sources, including both dry and permanent sources upstream of the study site, shows that aquifers and groundwater levels determine the state of rupture and shear at slopes at risk of landslides. The geological nature of the formations and the oscillation between dry and wet periods favor conditions conducive to rupture and downstream displacement of soil masses.