Infrastructure of transport is one of the most serious sources of negative impact on the environment at the international level, which requires the adoption of effective integrated measures to organize its sustainable development in an environmental context. In the light of the world communication processes of globalization and population migration, the development of air transport acquires particular importance, which simultaneously leads to an increase in the level of impact on the environmental components of all its parts. At the same time, the issue of improving the efficiency of wastewater treatment and environmental components from airports surface runoff pollution formed during the operation of infrastructure objects of air transport, in particular in Ukraine, is poorly studied. That fact actualizes the need to study the effectiveness of wastewater treatment of airports in the context of ensuring their sustainable development and determines the choice of research topics. On the basis of calculations on the volume volumes of surface runoff formation from the territory of International Airport Kharkiv in winter and summer, as well as taking into account international regulations, the scheme of cleaning surface runoff of the airport was proposed in this article. In order to improve the efficiency of surface runoff treatment from the specific components of airport storm water and bring their qualitative indicators to the normative requirements, regulations on the use and operation of advanced treatment of surface runoff were developed. The recommendations to provide ecological stability of the International Airport Kharkiv functioning in the context of ecologically safe management of the airport storm water runoffs, as the constituent part of the state transport infrastructure were worked out.