Comparative Analysis of Phenolic and Flavonoid Content, Antioxidant, Antibacterial Activities, and Functional Groups of Chemicals from Hypericum perforatum L., and Papaver Rhoeas L. Flower Extracts
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Laboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Morocco
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Department of Plant and Environment Protection, National School of Agriculture, Meknes, Morocco
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Laboratory of Biology and Health, Biology Department, Ibn Tofail University, Faculty of Sciences, Morocco.
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Laboratoire d’Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Premier, Morocco.
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Laboratories TBC, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lille, France
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Laboratory of Biological Engineering, Team of Functional and Pathological Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Morocco
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Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, Morocco.
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The Environment and Soil Microbiology Unit, Faculty of Sciences-Moulay Ismail University, Morocco
Corresponding author
Hajar Afqir
Laboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Morocco
Ecol. Eng. Environ. Technol. 2024; 2:88-101
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ABSTRACT
In this study, we aimed to compare the phytochemical compounds (polyphenols and flavonoids), antioxidant activity, functional groups present in the compounds (FTIR), and anti-microbial effects, in aqueous and methanol extracts obtained from flowers of commercial Hypericum perforatum and native Papaver Rhoeas from Morocco. P. Rhoeas L was collected from El Lhaj Kaddour near Meknes, while H. perforatum L was bought in a dried state from a Moroccan herbalist in the same city. Total polyphenols were evaluated using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, respectively. The antioxidant activity was assessed via DPPH and anti-microbial effects were tested against six bacteria (Gram- and Gram+). In aqueous and methanol extracts of P. Rhoeas had the highest TPC value (23.67 ± 0.94 mg GAE/g; 15.86 ± 0.65 mg GAE/g) compared to H. perforatum (15.26 ± 1.30 mg GAE/g; 5.50 ± 1.13 GAE/g). The aqueous extract of Papaver Rhoeas exhibited the highest TFC at 14.36 ± 0.49 mg QE/g, while the methanol extract of Hypericum perforatum had the highest 10.65 ± 0.49 mg QE/g in TFC. In contrast, methanol and aqueous extracts of H. perforatum showed significant zones of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus (9.5 ± 0.5 mm and 10.17 ± 0.29 mm) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (8.33 ± 0.58 mm and 9.33 ± 0.58 mm) respectively, with a minimum inhibitory concentration was estimated at 10 µL/ml. The FTIR analysis demonstrated that the extracts of both plants are rich in bioactive molecules with potential biological activities and a pharmaceutical industry perspective. Consequently, these Papaver Rhoeas and Hypericum perforatum extracts exhibit antioxidant and antibacterial activities.