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LEGAL PROTECTION OF LIVERWORTS (MARCHANTIOPHYTA) IN POLAND
 
 
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Akademia Techniczno-Humanistyczna, Instytut Ochrony i Inżynierii Środowiska
 
 
Publication date: 2017-02-01
 
 
Corresponding author
Henryk Klama   

Akademia Techniczno-Humanistyczna, Instytut Ochrony i Inżynierii Środowiska, ul. Willowa 2, 43-309 Bielsko-Biała, Polska
 
 
Inż. Ekolog. 2017; 1:209-215
 
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The paper contains a biogeographical and ecological characterization of law-protected liverworts in Poland. Within the current Ordinance of the Minister of Environment dealing with the designation of plants coming under protection (Official Gazette Announcing Current Legislation from 2014, item 1409), 37 liverwort species are strictly protected and 16 liverworts are partially protected. Therefore, altogether 53 species belonging to 31 genera and 21 families are legally protected in Poland (22% of the liverwort flora of Poland). This group comprises 41 threatened species in Poland (77%) and 6 threatened species in Europe. Most of protected liverworts grew in forests (on bark of trees, rotten wood, litter and humus; 22 species – 42%) and in wetlands (in bogs and swamps; 20 species – 38%). The main component of the protected liverworts are oceanic and suboceanic species. This group consists of 25 species (47%). The share of each altitudinal element is aligned (19 lowland species, 17 lowland-mountain species and 17 mountain species). However, the main component of the strictly protected liverworts (17 sp. – 47%) are lowland species.
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