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Productivity of Spring Triticale under Conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine
 
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1
Mykolaiv National Agrarian University, George Gongadze 9, 54000, Mykolaiv, Ukraine
 
2
Kherson State Agrarian and Economic University, Stritenska St. 23, 73006, Kherson, Ukraine
 
 
Publication date: 2021-03-01
 
 
Corresponding author
Valentina V. Gamayunova   

Mykolaiv National Agrarian University, George Gongadze 9, 54000, Mykolaiv, Ukraine
 
 
Ecol. Eng. Environ. Technol. 2021; 2:104-112
 
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ABSTRACT
Triticale is a valuable grain forage and food crop. By applying fertilizers, you can both increase grain yield and improve its quality indicators. Triticale responds positively to fertilization, foliar top dressing, and the action of growth-regulating drugs. Our field experiments were carried out in 2014–2016 yrs in the educational-scientific-practical center of the Mykolaiv national agrarian university on the southern chernozem typical for the southern Steppe of Ukraine. Pre-sowing seed treatment, application of mineral fertilizers and foliar nitrogen fertilization had a positive effect on the length of the ear, the number of grains in it, the mass of grain from the ear of the main stem and the level of the formed yield of spring triticale grain. Among the studied fertilizer options, the advantage was the introduction of N30P30 before sowing and top dressing with ammonium nitrate at a dose of N30 against the background of pre-sowing seed treatment with Escort-Bio. In this variant, the yield was 3.61 t/ha, the length of the ear was 10.4 cm, the number of grains in the ear was 30.2 PCs., the weight of grain from the ear of the main stem was 1.43 g. Creating an optimal nutrition background for plants improved the quality indicators of spring triticale grain. The most favorable conditions for the formation of grain nature were provided by applying N60P30 before sowing and N30P30 before sowing with top dressing in a dose of N30 in the form of ammonium nitrate, urea or double top dressing with D2. The maximum protein content in the grain of the spring triticale was ensured by the introduction of N30P30 into the sowing with feeding with carbamide at a dose of N30. Due to the higher yield, the highest conditional protein yield per hectare of spring triticale sowing was provided by the introduction of N60P30 before sowing and N30P30 before sowing with top dressing with ammonium nitrate in the phase of stooling at a dose of N30. Improving the background of plant nutrition in cultivation technology is a promising measure to increase the productivity of spring triticale.
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