Environmental safety related to ensuring the sustainable functioning of Water Management covers the areas of water protection and reproduction, rational use of Water Resources and development of water management and land reclamation, and contributes to the coordinated development and management of water, land and other related resources within river basins, as well as achieving maximum socio-ecological well-being, taking into account the interests of all water users. Water management is a special, specific branch of the Russian economy, because its development is directly related to the process of providing water to the population and all sectors of the economy. A special feature of the water management industry is its scale and connection with almost all sectors of the economy. Water management is particularly important in creating the necessary social and living conditions for the population. Water management is closely linked to the most important sectors of the economy, primarily the production form: industry and agriculture. Today, it has significant organizational shortcomings. It is managed, financed and technically directed by various ministries, agencies and services, as well as municipal enterprises of local authorities, which introduces a certain inconsistency in the rational use and protection of Water Resources and does not ensure proper order in ensuring environmental safety. Thus, the state of affairs in the field of water management requires drastic changes in the attitude of the state to the development of the water management complex and the reform of the water resources management system, since the development of this sector of the economy and, in general, the socio-economic development of the country depends on state regulation.