In this research, we studied the spatiotemporal evolution of land use in the Haddad region of Mauritania from 2017 to 2022. The objective was to identify the observed transformations regarding vegetation cover and land use categories, as well as to evaluate their responses to climatic fluctuations and human constraints. This research was inspired by a lack of in-depth knowledge about plant resilience and changes in vegetation cover in this underexplored Sahelian-Sudanese area. We assumed that the various land use categories would display specific transformation patterns, with forest cover and economically valuable species demonstrating superior resilience compared to crops and bare lands. High-resolution satellite images from the Landsat and Sentinel missions, combined with an NDVI study and on-site verification, resulted in the classification of land use into four main classes : trees, crops, pastures, and bare soil. This study of the temporal evolution of these categories was conducted based on image categorization, NDVI trends, and transition matrices. This allowed us to assess the changes in area and coverage rate for each type of land use. The study revealed that the Haddad area is essentially composed of grasslands, while forest cover, initially low, saw a 122% increase during the examined period. On the other hand, areas dedicated to agriculture and cleared soils have seen a respective decrease of -42% and -28%. Species of great economic and ecological interest, such as Ziziphus mauritiana, Combretum glutinosum, and Pterocarpus erinaceus, show signs of rehabilitation and growth, thus demonstrating remarkable plant resilience. Research has also shown that changes in land use are the result of a mix of climatic factors, such as fluctuations in precipitation, and human interventions like agriculture and livestock farming. This study proposes a first in-depth quantitative assessment of the spatiotemporal dynamics of land use in the Haddad region, providing new insights into vegetation regeneration, land cover changes, and the specific responses of species. This study offers a first in-depth quantitative assessment of the spatio-temporal dynamics of land use in the Haddad region, providing new insights into vegetation regeneration, land cover changes, and the specific responses of species. The approach used, which combines satellite imagery, NDVI measurement, and field verification, provides a reproducible model that can be applied to other Sahelo-Sudanese ecosystems.