This research examines the spatiotemporal evolution of land use in the Haddad region, Mauritania, from 2017 to 2022, identifying transformations in vegetation cover and land use categories. The study also evaluates the response of these transformations to climatic fluctuations and human activities, highlighting a lack of knowledge about plant resilience in this Sahelian-Sudanese region. The initial hypothesis suggests that the different categories of land use exhibit specific transformation patterns, with greater resilience of forest cover and valuable species compared to crops and bare lands. Landsat and Sentinel satellite images, combined with an NDVI study, allowed for the classification of land use into four categories: trees, crops, pastures, and bare soil. This study showed that the Haddad area is primarily composed of grasslands, while forest cover increased by 122% during the observed period. In contrast, agricultural and cleared areas decreased by -42% and -28%, respectively. Species such as Ziziphus mauritiana, Combretum glutinosum, and Pterocarpus erinaceus demonstrate significant plant resilience with signs of rehabilitation and growth. The research highlights that land use changes result from both climatic factors, such as variations in precipitation, and human activities such as agriculture. The study offers a quantitative assessment of the spatiotemporal dynamics of land use in the Haddad region, highlighting vegetation regeneration, land cover changes, and species responses. The approach relies on satellite images, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and field verification, creating a reproducible model applicable to other Sahelian-Sudanese ecosystems.